Volume One of
Essays In Cosmic Archaeology
Essays where anthropological cosmology
meet with cosmology in physics
Genesis Project California 2021!
⋅
⋅
© 2021 By Ian Beardsley"
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INCLUDING THE RIGHT OF REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR IN
PART IN ANY FORM. PUBLISHED BY GENESIS PROJECT
A Story of Creation
I.S. Beardsley
∗
Physics, University of Oregon
Abstract
Cosmology is the discipline in archaeology for studying the creation myths of a people. In
physics it is the study of the origin and destiny of the universe. This paper is where the two
disciplines intersect.
Genesis Project
1. Introduction
Space being three dimensional, physics really begins to happen with vector calculus
because three-dimensional space gives rise to a 3 by 3 matrix. We hypothesize creation is
centered around the primary artificial intelligence (AI) elements, because they can be nicely
pulled out the periodic table (Figure 1) of the elements as a 3 by 3 matrix with carbon and
nitrogen in the first row, which are primary biological life elements, carbon at the center of
life as we know it here on Earth. We can write for each element in the AI periodic table a
subscripted E.
E
13
E
14
E
15
E
23
E
24
E
25
E
33
E
34
E
35
∗
Corresponding author.
1 September 8, 2021
Figure 1: Pulling the AI table out of the periodic table
2. The Computation
Let us take the cross product of this matrix:
~
A = (Al, Si, P )
~
B = (Ga, Ge, As)
~
A ×
~
B =
ˆ
B
ˆ
C
ˆ
N
Al Si P
Ga Ge As
= (Si · As − P · Ge)
ˆ
B + (P · Ga − Al · As)
ˆ
C + (Al · Ge − Si · Ga)
ˆ
N
And silicon (Si) is at the center of our AI periodic table of the elements. We see the biological
elements C and N being the unit vectors are multiplied by the AI elements, meaning they
describe them! But we have to ask; Why does the first row have boron in it which is not a
core biological element, but is a core AI element? The answer is that boron is the one AI
element that is out of place, that is, aluminum is in its place. But we see this has a dynamic
function.
3. The Dynamic Function
The primary elements of artificial intelligence (AI) used to make diodes and transistors,
silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) doped with boron (B) and phosphorus (P) or gallium (Ga)
and arsenic (As) have an asymmetry due to boron. Silicon and germanium are in group 14
like carbon (C) and as such have 4 valence electrons. Thus to have positive type silicon and
germanium, they need doping agents from group 13 (three valence electrons) like boron and
gallium, and to have negative type silicon and germanium they need doping agents from
group 15 like phosphorus and arsenic. But where gallium and arsenic are in the same period
as germanium, boron is in a different period than silicon (period 2) while phosphorus is not
(period 3). Thus aluminum (Al) is in boron’s place. This results in an interesting equation.
2 September 8, 2021
Si(As − Ga) + Ge(P − Al)
SiGe
=
2B
Ge + Si
The differential across germanium crossed with silicon plus the differential across silicon
crossed with germanium normalized by the product between silicon and germanium is equal
to the boron divided by the average between the germanium and the silicon. The equation
has nearly 100% accuracy (note: using an older value for Ge here, is now 72.64 but that
makes the equation have a higher accuracy):
28.09(74.92 − 69.72) + 72.61(30.97 − 26.98)
(28.09)(72.61)
=
2(10.81)
(72.61 + 28.09)
0.213658912
0.21469712
= 0.995
Thus, due to an asymmetry in the periodic table of the elements due to boron we have the
harmonic mean between the semiconductor elements (by molar mass):
Si
B
(As − Ga) +
Ge
B
(P − Al) =
2SiGe
Si + Ge
4. Stokes Theorem
Z
S
(∇ ×
*
u) · d
*
S =
Z
C
*
u · d
*
r
Z
1
0
Z
1
0
Si
B
(As − Ga) +
Ge
B
(P − Al)
dxdy =
1
Ge − Si
Z
Ge
Si
xdx
We can make this into two integrals:
Z
1
0
Z
1
0
Si
B
(As − Ga)dydz ≈
1
3
1
Ge − Si
Z
Ge
Si
xdx
Z
1
0
Z
1
0
Ge
B
(P − Al)dxdz ≈
2
3
1
Ge − Si
Z
Ge
Si
ydy
If in the equation (The accurate harmonic mean form):
Si
B
(As − Ga) +
Ge
B
(P − Al) =
Ge − Si
R
Ge
Si
d x
x
3 September 8, 2021
We make the approximation
2SiGe
Si + Ge
≈ Ge − Si
Then the Stokes form of the equation becomes
Z
1
0
Z
1
0
Si
B
(As − Ga) +
Ge
B
(P − Al)
dydz =
Z
Ge
Si
dx
Thus we see for this approximation there are two integrals as well:
Z
1
0
Z
1
0
Si
B
(As − Ga)dydz =
1
3
Z
Ge
Si
dz
Z
1
0
Z
1
0
Ge
B
(P − Al)dydz =
2
3
Z
Ge
Si
dz
For which the respective paths are (Figure 2)
y
1
=
1
3
B
SiGa
ln(z)
y
2
=
2
3
B
SiAl
ln(z)
One of the double integrals on the left is evaluated in moles per grams, the other grams per
mole (0 to 1 moles per gram and 0 to 1 grams per mole).
5. Ampere’s Circuit Law
By making the approximation
2SiGe
Si + Ge
≈ Ge − Si
In
Si
B
(As − Ga) +
Ge
B
(P − Al) =
2SiGe
Si + Ge
We have
Si
4Ge
4S
+ Ge
4Si
4S
= B
4 September 8, 2021
Figure 2: Geometric interpretation of the Stokes form
5 September 8, 2021
Where
4Si = P − Al = differential across Si
4Ge = As − Ga = differential across Ge
Which is Ampere’s Circuit Law
∇ ×
*
B = µ
*
J + µε
0
∂
*
E
∂t
We see if written
Si
4Ge
4S
= B − Ge
4Si
4S
Which is interesting because it is semiconductor elements by molar mass, which are used to
make circuits. We say Φ(Phi) is given by
a = b + c;
a
b
=
b
c
Φ = a/b = 1.618
φ = b/a = 0.618
(phi) the golden ratio conjugate. We also find
(φ)∆Ge + (Φ)∆Si = B
6. The Wave Equations
Thus since
∇ ×
~
B = µ
~
J + µ
0
∂
~
E
∂t
And
∆Ge =
∆S
Si
B −
Ge
Si
∆Si
And in electrodynamics
∇
2
−
1
c
2
∂
2
∂t
−→
E = 0
6 September 8, 2021
And
∇
2
−
1
c
2
∂
2
∂t
~
B = 0
And since
c =
1
√
0
µ
≈ φ
We see mu and epsilon-not are both PHI and c is phi in the Si (silicon) field wave, but for
E and B fields c is the speed of light. We have
0
= 8.854E − 12F · m
−1
And
µ = 1.256E − 6H/m
And
Ge
Si
= µ
0
And
∆S
Si
= µ
Thus
∇
2
−
1
φ
2
∂
2
∂x
~
Si = 0
And
∇
2
−
1
φ
2
∂
2
∂x
~
Ge = 0
To find the Si wave our differentials are (Figure 3)
∆C = N − B = 14.01 − 10.81 = 3.2
∆Si = P − Al = 30.97 − 26.98 = 3.99
∆Ge = As − Ga = 74.92 − 69.72 = 5.2
7 September 8, 2021
Figure 3: The Halfwave
8 September 8, 2021
∆Sn = Bi − In = 121.75 − 114.82 = 6.93
∆P b = Bi − T l = 208.98 − 204.38 = 4.6
It is amazing how accurately we can fit these differentials with an exponential equation for
the upward increase. The equation is
y(x) = e
0.4x
+ 1.7
y(x) = e
2
5
x
+
17
10
Thus we have
y(x) = e
B
Al
x
+
Ag
Cu
B
Al
=
10.81
26.98
= 0.400667
Ag
Cu
=
107.87
63.55
= 1.6974 ≈ 1.7
Interestingly, the 0.4 is boron (B) over aluminum (Al) the very two elements that lead us to
looking for a wave equation because boron was the out of place element in the AI periodic
table that lead to us using aluminum as its dummy representative in the Si differential
and that itself divided into the left hand terms gives us the harmonic mean between the
central AI elements semiconductor materials Si and Ge. The Ag and Cu are the central
malleable, ductile, and conductive metals used in making electrical wires to carry a current
in AI circuitry.
7. Divergence
We did a stokes theorem formulation of the AI elements. We want to do a divergence
theorem formulation. Our stokes theorem formulation was
Z
1
0
Z
1
0
Si
B
(As − Ga)dydz =
1
3
Z
Ge
Si
dz
We want to consider
Z Z Z
V
∇ ·
~
F dV =
Z Z
S
(
~
F .ˆn)d
~
S
9 September 8, 2021
We have to find the F-vector. It is from
~
i
~
j
~
k
∂
∂x
∂
∂y
∂
∂z
0
Si
B
Ga · z
Si
B
As · y
=
Si
B
(As − Ga)
~
i
Which gives
F
x
= 0, F
y
=
Si
B
Ga · z, F
z
=
Si
B
As · y
We have said the speed of light in electrodynamics is given by
c =
1
√
0
µ
And in our formulation of the AI elements plays the role of the phi, is the golden ratio
conjugate is:
φ =
1
p
Ge/Si
Thus
Ge/Si = µ
0
And
∆S
Si
= µ =
Ge − Si
Si
= Φ
Thus we see
0
=
Ge
Ge − Si
= Φ
And
1
√
µ
0
=
1
√
Φ
2
= φ
Thus in our formulation the golden ratio conjugate plays the role of the speed of light in
electrodynamics. This makes sense because in relativity theory velocities are considered a
fraction of the speed of light because the speed of light is the fastest speed attainable. The
speed v squared over the speed of light squared is subtracted from 1. That is the Lorentz
contraction is:
L = L
0
r
1 −
v
2
c
2
10 September 8, 2021
We see the eccentricity of the ellipse
r
1 −
D
C
Plays the role of the beta factor in
L = L
0
r
1 −
v
2
c
2
Is the eccentricity of the ellipse
Si
2B
Ga · z
2
+ As · y
2
=
Q
0
We see the eccentricity is
r
1 −
Ga
As
=
r
1 −
69.72
74.92
= 0.263452781
Which is 9 figures eight of which are the first eight consecutive integers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. The
only number that occurs twice is 2. Kind of interesting.
8. The Heart of the Matter
If we take our halfwave:
y(x) = e
B
Al
x
+
Ag
Cu
And apply the Schrödinger equation:
∂
2
∂x
−
1
φ
2
∂
2
∂x
e
B
Al
x
= 0
Then, if x=0. . .
B
Al
2
e
x
1 −
1
φ
2
= 0
φ = 1
Which is like saying distance for the speed of light is always is zero because there is no time.
We know that
φ =
1
Φ
11 September 8, 2021
Figure 4: Divergence In The AI Elements
12 September 8, 2021
Or,. . .
φΦ = 1
We notice
Ge
Ge − Si
=
72.64
72.64 − 28.09
= 1.63 ≈ Φ
And
Si
Ge − Si
=
28.09
72.64 − 28.09
= 0.63 ≈ φ
This says
√
GeSi = Ge − Si
The molar masses of Ge and Si are such that the geometric mean between Ge and Si is the
difference between Ge and Si. This has solutions:
y =
1
2
(3x −
√
5x)
y =
1
2
(3x +
√
5x)
If x=1 we have:
0.381, 2.618
If x=2 we have
0.76, 5.236
If x=3 we have
1.145898, 7.854
If x=4 we have
1.52786, 10.47
If x=5 we have
1.9098, 13.090
This is a pair of intersecting lines:
y = (1 − φ)x = 0.38x
y = (1 + Φ)x = 2.62x
With slopes
13 September 8, 2021
m
1
= (1 − φ)
m
2
= (1 + Φ)
Since
1 − φ =
Si
Ge
=
28.09
72.64
= 0.3867
1 + Φ =
Ge
Si
=
72.61
28.09
= 2.58597
But we have said:
r
Ge
Si
=
1
φ
But we also have
1 − φ =
Si
Ge
This says
Φφ
2
= 1
1
φ
(1 − φ) = 1
Or. . .
0 = 1
(See appendix A). Since we have said
r
1 −
Ga
As
Is
r
1 −
v
2
c
2
14 September 8, 2021
Then we might guess
Φφ
2
= 1
Is 1 is E and phi is c and PHI is m in
E = mc
2
Which makes sense because
∇
2
−
1
φ
2
∂
2
∂x
~
Si = 0
Is the analog of
∇
2
−
1
c
2
∂
2
∂t
~
E = 0
In electrodynamics and,
∆Ge =
∆S
Si
B −
Ge
Si
∆Si
Is the analog of Maxwell’s equation
∇ ×
~
B = µ
~
J + µ
0
∂
~
E
∂t
And,. . .
c =
1
q
Ge
Si
Is the analog of
c =
1
√
0
µ
9. The Planets
If our equations the solutions of the wave describe any kind of quantization, it is that of
the first 7 planets:
15 September 8, 2021
y =
1
2
(3x −
√
5x)
Substituting n for x, the planetary number we have. . .
n=1 yields 0.381
Mercury is 0.387AU
n=2 yields 0.76
Venus is 0.72AU
n=3 yields 1.146
Earth is 1.00AU
n=4 yields 1.528
Mars is 1.52Au
n=5 yields 1.91
Asteroids are 2-3AU
Then on the other side of the asteroid belt we switch to the other equation that is a
solution:
y =
1
2
(3x +
√
5x)
n=2 yields 5.236
Jupiter is 5.2AU
n=4 yields 10.47
Saturn is 9.5AU
10. The Cause of Inertia
Matter is that which has inertia. This means it resists change in position with a force
applied to it. The more of it, the more it resists a force. We understand this from experience,
but what is matter that it has inertia?
I would like to answer this by considering matter in one of its simplest manifestations,
the proton, a small sphere with a mass of 1.6726E-27 kg. This is a measure of its inertia.
I would like to suggest that matter, often a collection of these protons, is the three
dimensional cross-section of a four dimensional hypersphere.
The way to visualize this is to take space as a two-dimensional plane and the proton as
a two dimensional cross-section of a sphere, which would be a circle.
In this analogy we are suggesting a proton is a three dimensional bubble embedded
in a two dimensional plane. As such there has to be a normal vector holding the higher
dimensional sphere in a lower dimensional space. Thus if we apply a force to to the cross-
section of the sphere in the plane there should be a force countering it proportional to the
normal holding it in a lower dimensional universe. This counter force would be experienced
as inertia. It may even induce in it an electric field, and we can see how it may do the same
equal but opposite for the electron.
16 September 8, 2021
Figure 5: The proton as the 3D cross-section of a hypersphere
17 September 8, 2021
F = G
Mm
r
2
G = 6.67408E − 11
N · m
2
kg
2
r
p
= 0.833E − 15m
r
e
= 2.817940E − 15m
m
p
= 1.67262E − 27kg
m
e
= 9.1E − 31kg
h = 6.62607E − 34J · s
c = 299792458m/s
F = ma
m =
F
a
F
n
= µF cosθ
m =
r
µh4πr
2
cosθ
Gc
If µ = 1 and θ = 0
◦
m =
r
h4πr
2
Gc
m · t =
s
(6.62607E − 34J · s)4π(0.833E − 15m)
2
(6.67408E − 11Nm
2
/kg
2
)(299792458m/s)
m = 5.373681E − 31kg · s
This is about
5.373681E − 31
1.67262E − 27
= 0.00032
18 September 8, 2021
Approximately three ten thousandths the mass of a proton times one second. If we divide
that by the fine structure constant squared, we have
α =
1
4π
0
e
2
~c
=
1
137
α
2
=
1
18769
m = (0.00032)(18769) = 6.0
6.0 protons even if we divide that by one second, the number of protons in carbon, the
central atom to biological life. If mu=1 and theta=45 degrees (Giving equal weight to x and
y components) then
m =
p
2.8876E − 61(0.7071) = 4.51865E − 31kg
Where 0.7071 = cos(45
◦
)
4.51865E − 31
1.67262E − 27
= 0..00027
We have
n = (0.00027)(18769) = 5protons
About 5 protons evenly which is Boron (B). If we try 60 degrees then
m =
p
2.8876E − 61(0.5) = 3.7997E − 31kg
3.7997E − 31
1.67262E − 27
= 0..000227
m = (0.000227)(18769) = 4.26
In order for this to be 4 protons evenly we must have µ = 0.93896
We have used here the fine structure constant squared, which is often used as well to
the minus 1. The fine structure constant squared is the ratio of the potential energy of an
electron in the first circular orbit to the energy given by the mass of an electron in the Bohr
model times the speed of light squared:
α
2
=
U
e
m
e
c
2
19 September 8, 2021
We only need to explain the significance of the duration of one second. The second does
have meaning especially in connection with life. By dividing the day into 24 hours, the hour
into 60 minutes, and the minute into 60 seconds, the second is 1/86400 of day. By doing
this we have a twelve-hour daytime at spring and fall equinox on the equator, 12 being the
most divisible number for its size (smallest abundant number). That is to say that twelve
is evenly divisible by 1,2,3,4,6 which precede it and 1+2+3+4+6=16 is greater than twelve.
As such there is about one moon per 30 days and about 12 moons per year (per each orbit)
giving us a twelve-month calendar. This is all further convenient in that the moon and earth
are in very close to circular orbits and the circle is evenly divisible by 30, 45, 60, and 120
if we divide the circle into 360 degrees which are special angles very useful to the workings
of physics and geometry. Further, the 360 degrees of a circle are about the 365 days of a
year (period of one earth orbit) so as such the earth moves through about a degree a day in
its journey around the sun. Thus, through these observations down through the ages since
ancient times we have constructed the duration of a second wisely enough to make a lot
work together. Now we see 6 protons, which is carbon the core element of biological life on
the planet where all of this came together is deeply connected with the second that defines
it all.
11. The Meaning of the Ellipse
When we say
r
1 −
D
C
Is like
r
1 −
v
2
c
2
The dilation factor in
L = L
0
r
1 −
v
2
c
2
Giving the dilated length (shortening) in the direction of motion, we are saying
r
1 −
D
C
Is the eccentricity of an ellipse which is dilation in the sense that it is the deviation from a
circle. If D=carbon and C=Silicon, the respective core atoms of the biological and artificial
intelligence, then if C is carbon and Si is silicon
20 September 8, 2021
C = C
0
r
1 −
C
Si
= C
0
r
1 −
12.01
28.09
= 9.09g/mol
Which is approximately Beryllium (Be=9.01 g/mol) which combines in stars with helium
(He) to make carbon, the central atom we need to make life as we know it. If we consider
the dilation due to our aluminum Al=26.98 g/mol and our phosphorus
P=30.97 that form our differential across Si, we have
Si = Si
0
r
1 −
26.98
30.97
= 10.08
This is a change of
Si
0
− Si = 18.0
Which is water (H2O) also pivotal to life, determining the habitable zone of a star:
H2O=2(1.01)+16.00=18.02 g/mol.
If we look at the dilation of the central semiconductor element germanium Ge=72.64 we
have in terms of our boron that lead to all of this and phosphorus, the other doping agent
diagonal to it in the periodic table. . .
Ge = Ge
0
r
1 −
10.81
30.97
= 58.607
This is a change of
Ge
0
− Ge = 14.03 = N
It is nitrogen (N=14.01 g/mol) also central to life making up most of the Earth atmosphere
which is mostly N2 about 75% and used by many plants through nitrogen fixation. Since
for mass dilation
m =
m
0
q
1 −
v
2
c
2
Then velocities at which these elements become equivalent in mass to the other elements
are given by
v = c
r
1 −
m
0
m
2
The carbon atom is 1.9944E-23 grams and silicon atom is 4.6637E-23 grams. The carbon
goes to silicon at 80.864% the speed of light c=299,792,458 m/s.
The beryllium atom is 1.4965E-23 grams and again the carbon atom is 1.9944E-23 grams
meaning beryllium goes to carbon at 82.64% the speed of light.
The nitrogen atom is 2.3258671E-22 grams and the germanium atom is 1.2062155E-22
grams meaning nitrogen goes to germanium at 80.864% the speed light.
21 September 8, 2021
12. The Activation Function
I would like to suggest that the prebiotic chemistry might have been passed through an
activation function that disappeared after life was on its way to evolving.
The problem, then, of answering the question of how life began is one of finding the
activation function and its mechanism by which it takes prebiotic chemistry and activates it
(makes it alive) so it can now self-replicate, and evolve. We assume that as this mechanism
activates the molecules, its mechanism depletes as it activates from what is available. In this
sense the mechanism is a limiting reactant, so it determines how much material is activated
before it depletes completely.
Logically, the way to determine what this mechanism is, and how it serves as an activation
function is to look for the by-products of the reaction that are left over, and from that, deduce
its nature.
To do this, we have to look for that thing in our knowledge of the Earth’s history that
does not make sense. This would be in the faint young star paradox. We know that five
billion years ago, when the Earth and Sun first formed, that the sun was 0.7 times its
present output and so, the Earth should have been frozen over, yet, we know it was not.
That it had water in its liquid phase. Thus something was there that is not present today.
That something must have been the mechanism for the activation function that “turned on”
prebiotic chemistry.
If sigma(x) is the activation function, where x is the prebiotic material, and we say r is
residue of the reaction, and l is the activated substance (life) then,
l + r = σ(x)
We know l If we can find r in nature, we can deduce sigma(x).
13. Discussion
It would seem silicon is at the center of creation and we have to wonder why, The first
primitive computers used silicon in silicon dioxide encasing for vacuum tube switches (glass)
with tungsten filaments. The first generation semiconductors were germanium but then
we switched to silicon which became the second generation semiconductor material because
it is abundant and cheap and has the right properties as well. Sand is basically silicon.
Germanium is very rare. Early on in humanities’ prehistoric origins, obsidian, or glass was
there to be discovered as something that flaked into sharp edges so we could craft spearpoints
for hunting. We might say that it is a purpose of biological life (H, N, C, O) to discover the
properties of (P, B, Si) so it can make computing machines which are ultimately necessary
to its survival.
~
A = (Al, Si, P )
~
B = (Ga, Ge, As)
~
A ×
~
B = −145
ˆ
B + 138
ˆ
C + 1.3924
ˆ
N
22 September 8, 2021
~
A ×
~
B = ABsinθ = (50)(126)sin8
◦
= 877.79
√
877.79 = 29.6g/mol ≈ Si = 28.09g/mol
And silicon (Si) is at the center of our AI periodic table of the elements. There seems to be
a connection between AI and Biological life elements through mathematical theorems. In
the sense that we did not create the AI elements but discovered them and their properties,
so we could make artificial intelligence gives artificial intelligence a natural component just
as natural as biological life. All of the elements were forged in stars ultimately from the
most basic elements hydrogen and helium. Hydrogen was theoretically created in the big
bang that gave birth to the universe, as well as most of the helium. It is further interesting
that biologists have looked at silicon as a possibility for a basis for life in place of carbon
because it is in the same group as carbon giving it the four valence electrons needed to make
long chains that carbon has and have come to the conclusion that it wouldn’t work because
silicon in the presence of oxygen O becomes SiO2 so easily that it has no opportunity to
combine (H, N, O, P, S) to form building blocks of life. Carbon combines readily in the
presence of all of these pretty much equally.
We have that at the beginning of the Universe hydrogen and helium were created. Then
the stars formed and synthesized these into the heavier elements. I find if we include in
the category of life not just the biological elements, but the AI elements, we can find a
mathematical equation for a pattern in the periodic table of the elements that predicts the
synthesis of such elements in stars. For instance, Beryllium 8 plus helium 4 synthesizes to
make the biological core element carbon C. Magnesium plus helium 4 synthesizes to make
the core AI element silicon Si. If we say that Element 4 is Beryllium Be and write it E4 and
helium He is element 2 and write it E2 and use this convention for all of the elements, we
have for the production of these elements by stars, and their molar masses in the periodic
table the following equation:
E
2n−2
+ E
2
= E
2i−2
= (4k + 4)g/mol
n = (3, 4, 5, 6...)
i = (4, 5, 6, 7...)
k = (2, 3, 4, 5...)
That is
E
4
(Be) + E
2
(He) = E
6
(C) = 12g/mol
E
6
(C) + E
2
(He) = E
8
(O) = 16g/mol
E
8
(O) + E
2
(He) = E
10
(Ne) = 20g/mol
E
10
(Ne) + E
2
(He) = E
12
(Mg) = 24g/mol
E
12
(Mg) + E
2
(He) = E
14
(Si) = 28g/mol
23 September 8, 2021
Appendix A. Multiple Formal Systems
What is
Φφ
2
= 1
I wrote it like this because in setting out do this work I defined things a certain way, which
is what you have do when formulating an idea. But, if we define things another way at the
beginning we have another system for expressing the same idea. I think combining different
systems in this way results in a third system that presents the analogy for
E = mc
2
in an interesting way. Further examination of what is happening here can be explained like
this:
(1 − φ) = φ
2
Φφ = 1
These are basic identities. However, we are saying
Φφ
2
= 1
φ
2
= (1 − φ)
0 = 1
I am saying 0=1 because being trapped in something circular that appears linear is precisely
that. If 0=1, then. . .
φ
2
= (0 − φ)
φ
2
= −φ
Φφ = 1
φ = −φ
2φ = 0
φ =
1
2
How do we see this is true? phi is a/b=b/c where c=b+a. If a/b=x this is the quadratic
equation
x
2
− x − 1 = 0
Differentiating implicitly
d
dx
x
2
−
d
dx
x −
d
dx
= 0
2x − 1 = 0
x = 1/2
φ = 1/2
24 September 8, 2021
Author biography
I.S. Beardsley is a University of Oregon undergraduate in physics. He
worked at the University Observatory Pine Mountain Observatory doing
photometry and polarimetry and is co-author of several papers in The As-
trophysical Journal.
25 September 8, 2021
Positing Matter As Imaginary Space As Real
Ian Beardsley
Physics, University of Oregon
Abstract
We experience the Universe but are mystified that it exists because how can something exist
uncaused. Any cause we come up with must have a cause, at least as far as in the way
our mind works. It is as if we have something from nothing. Here we say Uni, in the word
Universe means one and verse means expression then this is to say 1=0 (That we have
something from nothing) that one means a single expression, or a whole, and 0 that it has
arisen uncaused from nothing. Let us say that 0=1, and we will see that it means matter is
imaginary, and space which is nothing, is real.
Genesis Project
1. The AI BioMatrix
Physics begins with vector calculus in that it treats the mathematics of change in three
dimensions. Nature seems to be centered around the artificial intelligence (AI) elements
because they can be pulled out of the periodic table as a three by three matrix if described by
the biological life elements B, C, N if boron B is a dummy biological element and aluminum
Al is a dummy AI element. Carbon (C) silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) are group 14
elements giving them four valence electrons. The carbon with four valence electrons can
combine in long chains with hydrogen to form hydrocarbons the basis of organic chemistry
(See Figure 1)
The four-valenced silicon and four-valenced germanium can combine with three-valenced
boron (B) or the the five-valenced phosphorus (P) or the three-valenced gallium (Ga) or five-
valenced arsenic (As) to make the respective positive type silicon (deficiency of electrons)
and negative type silicon (surplus of electrons) or the respective positive type germanium or
1 September 8, 2021
Figure 1: An example of a hydrocarbon chain
negative type germanium so we can make diode’s and transistors for logic nodes (switches).
Thus we have:
~
A ×
~
B =
ˆ
B
ˆ
C
ˆ
N
Al Si P
Ga Ge As
=
(Si · As − P · Ge)
ˆ
B + (P · Ga − Al · As)
ˆ
C + (Al · Ge − Si · Ga)
ˆ
N
~
A ×
~
B = −145
ˆ
B + 138
ˆ
C + 1.3924
ˆ
N
√
877.79 = 29.6g/mol ≈ Si = 28.09g/mol
Putting silicon at center stage which happens to be the most abundant element in the Earth’s
crust. Sand is basically SiO2. We have
C
Si
=
12.01
28.09
= 0.42755
Si
Ge
=
28.09
72.61
= 0.3867
C
Ge
=
12.01
72.64 = 0.165
We see that
r
Ge
Si
=
1
φ
Si
Ge
= (1 − φ)
φ
2
= (1 − φ)
If we say
1
p
Ge/Si
=
1
p
φ
2
=
1
φ
= φ
2 September 8, 2021
Where Φ = a/b such that
a
b
2
−
a
b
− 1 = 0
From
a
b
=
b
c
a = b + c
Then this is like the mathematical analog of the speed of light c is given by
c =
1
√
µ
0
Where µ = 1.256E − 6H/m and
0
= 8.854E − 12F/m. If we consider energy mass equiva-
lence E = mc
2
this says the mathematical form is
Φφ
2
= 1
Where Φ is the golden ratio and φ is the golden ratio conjugate. If this is to hold it is to say
0=1 meaning we are in a circle that we are experiencing as a straight line and that space is
real numbers and mass is mathematical numbers. That mass, M, is
M = Φi
Because φ = −φ and φ = Φ where energy E is 1 and φis the speed of light c. (See figures 2
and 3)
If we compare the classical electron radius
r
e
= 2.817940E − 15m
Given by
1
4π
0
e
2
m
e
c
2
To the radius of a proton by experiment
r
p
= 0.833E − 15m
3 September 8, 2021
Figure 2: We see when trapped in something circlular we perceive as a straight line means 1=0
4 September 8, 2021
Figure 3: As well we see -1=1 and φ = −φ
5 September 8, 2021
It is 3.82 times larger. Our angles 22 and 44 degrees determine an x1 and x2 in the complex
plane for our mass M (Refer back to Figure 2). We have
x
2
x
1
= 2.388
Thus,..
√
2
2
√
r
e
r
p
=
x
2
x
1
Since
√
2
2
= cos(π/4) = cos(45
◦
)
We are looking at the angle such that its x-component equals its y-component. This may
have bearing in section 10 The Cause of Inertia in my paper A Story of Creation. It predicts
boron which we said at the beginning of this paper was the dummy in the biology unit vector
row of the three by three AI matrix. We had
m =
r
h4πr
2
Gc
m · t =
s
(6.62607E − 34J · s)4π(0.833E − 15m)
2
(6.67408E − 11Nm
2
/kg
2
)(299792458m/s)
m = 5.373681E − 31kg · s
5.373681E − 31
1.67262E − 27
= 0.00032
Approximately three ten thousandths the mass of a proton. If we divide that by the fine
structure constant squared, we have
α =
1
4π
0
e
2
~c
=
1
137
α
2
=
1
18769
m = (0.00032)(18769) = 6.0proton − seconds
6.0 protons-seconds even, the number of protons in carbon, the central atom to biological
life. If mu=1 and theta=45 degrees (Giving equal weight to x and y components) then
6 September 8, 2021
m =
p
2.8876E − 61(0.7071) = 4.51865E − 31kg
4.51865E − 31
1.67262E − 27
= 0..00027
We have
n = (0.00027)(18769) = 5protons
About 5 protons evenly which is Boron (B). We note mu here is not mu in
c =
1
√
µ
0
But is something analogous to the coeffiecient of friction caused by a normal force causing
inertia as outlined in the referenced paper.
We have used here the fine structure constant squared, which is often used as well to
the minus 1. The fine structure constant squared is the ratio of the potential energy of an
electron in the first circular orbit to the energy given by the mass of an electron in the Bohr
model times the speed of light squared:
α
2
=
U
e
m
e
c
2
But what is a proton-second. To understand this we must look at the meaning of a second.
The second does have meaning especially in connection with life. By dividing the day into
24 hours, the hour into 60 minutes, and the minute into 60 seconds, the second is 1/86400 of
day. By doing this we have a twelve-hour daytime at spring and fall equinox on the equator,
12 being the most divisible number for its size (smallest abundant number). That is to say
that twelve is evenly divisible by 1,2,3,4,6 which precede it and 1+2+3+4+6=16 is greater
than twelve. As such there is about one moon per 30 days and about 12 moons per year
(per each orbit) giving us a twelve-month calendar. This is all further convenient in that the
moon and earth are in very close to circular orbits and the circle is evenly divisible by 30,
45, 60, and 120 if we divide the circle into 360 degrees, which are special angles very useful
to the workings of physics and geometry. Further, the 360 degrees of a circle are about the
365 days of a year (period of one earth orbit) so as such the earth moves through about a
degree a day in its journey around the sun. Thus, through these observations down through
the ages since ancient times we have constructed the duration of a second wisely enough
to make a lot work together. Now we see 6 protons, which is carbon the core element of
biological life on the planet where all of this came together is deeply connected with the
second that defines it all.
Author biography
7 September 8, 2021
Ian Beardsley is a physics undergraduate at The University of Oregon.
8 September 8, 2021
Introducing The Concept of Proton-Seconds
Ian Beardsley
Physics, University of Oregon
Abstract
Through Newton’s Universal Law of Gravity and the fine structure constant we can introduce
the concepts of proton-seconds which are the number of protons over a period of time.
The fine structure constant allows for this because it produces close to integer values with
Newton’s equation for gravity I find, where Carbon and Boron are concerned, carbon at the
center of life as we know it. The fine structure constant is somewhat of a mystery in that it
is not derived, but was discovered cropping up all over nature by Sommerfeld. This results
in a mass on the order of the astroidal meteoroids that can make it to the Earth surface
before burning up in the lower limit. The predicted mass to the mass of such a meteoroid
is Venus orbit in astronomical units. Venus is thought to be a failed Earth.
Genesis Project
Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation is
F = G
Mm
r
2
Where
G = 6.67408E − 11
N · m
2
kg
2
The radius of the proton is
r
p
= 0.833E − 15m
The radius of an electron is
1
r
e
= 2.817940E − 15m
The mass of a proton is
m
p
= 1.67262E − 27kg
The mass of an electron is
m
e
= 9.1E − 31kg
Planck’s constant is
h = 6.62607E − 34J · s
The speed of light is
c = 299792459m/s
We start with
F = ma
m =
F
a
We write
F
n
= µF cosθ
m · t =
r
µ4πr
2
cosθ
Gc
If µ = 1 and θ = circθ = 0
◦
m · t =
r
4πr
2
cos
Gc
m · t =
s
(6.62607E − 34J · s)4π(0.833E − 15m)
2
(6.67408E − 11Nm
2
/kg
2
)(299792458m/s)
m · t = 5.373681E − 31kg · s
2
This is about
5.37368E − 31
1.67262E − 27
= 0.0032
Approximately three ten thousandths the mass of a proton. If we divide that by the fine
structure constant squared, we have
α =
1
4π
0
·
e
2
~c
=
1
137
α
2
=
1
18769
m = (0.00032)(18769) = 6.0proton − seconds
6.0 protons even, the number of protons in carbon, the central atom to biological life. If
mu=1 and theta=45 degrees (Giving equal weight to x and y components) then
m =
p
2.8876E − 61(0.7071) = 4.51865E − 31kg · s
Where 0.7071 = cos(45
◦
)
4.51865E − 31
1.67262E − 27
= 0.00027
We have
n = (0.00027)(18769) = 5proton − seconds
About 5 protons evenly which is Boron (B).
We have used here the fine structure constant squared, which is often used as well as to
the minus 1. The fine structure constant squared is the ratio of the potential energy of an
electron in the first circular orbit to the energy given by the mass of an electron in the Bohr
model times the speed of light squared:
α
2
=
U
e
m
e
c
2
mu and theta may open up alot of doors.
We only need to explain the significance of the duration of one second. The second does
have meaning especially in connection with life. By dividing the day into 24 hours, the hour
into 60 minutes, and the minute into 60 seconds, the second is 1/86400 of day. By doing
this we have a twelve-hour daytime at spring and fall equinox on the equator, 12 being the
3
most divisible number for its size (smallest abundant number). That is to say that twelve
is evenly divisible by 1,2,3,4,6 which precede it and 1+2+3+4+6=16 is greater than twelve.
As such there is about one moon per 30 days and about 12 moons per year (per each orbit)
giving us a twelve-month calendar. This is all further convenient in that the moon and earth
are in very close to circular orbits and the circle is evenly divisible by 30, 45, 60, and 120
if we divide the circle into 360 degrees which are special angles very useful to the workings
of physics and geometry. Further, the 360 degrees of a circle are about the 365 days of a
year (period of one earth orbit) so as such the earth moves through about a degree a day in
its journey around the sun. Thus, through these observations down through the ages since
ancient times we have constructed the duration of a second wisely enough to make a lot
work together. Now we see 6 protons, which is carbon the core element of biological life on
the planet where all of this came together is deeply connected with the second that defines
it all.
What is the meaning of proton-seconds? Alpha decay is the decay of elements where
a helium nucleus is ejected from an element (alpha particles). This happens with atoms
heavier than nickel because the atom has to be heavy enough that the internal repulsion of
protons is high enough that the binding force has trouble holding them together. However,
interestingly beryllium-8 is an exception; it is much lighter than nickel. Beryllium-8 was
determined by Fred Hoyle to make carbon in nuclear synthesis in stars by combining with
helium. He sought to find the process by which carbon is created because the Universe needs
to make it if we are to have life as we know it.
Alpha particles (helium nuclei) have a typical kinetic energy of 5MeV and a speed of
15,000,000 m/s. This is 1.6E-12 Joules and 1.5E7 m/s. If we write
1.5E7
m
s
·
1
x
= 1second
This is 1.5E7 meters
1.6E − 12N · m
1.5E7m
= 1.0667E − 19N ≈ 1E − 19Newtons
The solar mass is M
= 1.989E30kg ≈ 2E30kg
1E − 19kg
m
s
2
·
1
2E30kg
= 5E − 50
m
s
2
M =
ar
2
G
The Earth radius is 6,378km
M =
(5E − 50m/s
2
)(6, 378, 000m)
2
6.67432E − 11
= 3.0E − 26kg
4
We have
M
m
p
= 18kg
About 40 pounds. A meteor has to have a size of at least 1 meter in diameter so as not
burn up completely before making it to the ground. That is, the size required for a meteor
to become a meteorite. About 3.3 feet in diameter. By the time it makes it to the ground
it is 128-256 grams. For stony irons, that is a density of 4 g/cm3 which is 4000 kg/m3 by
these figures. The average density of a so-called asteroidal chondritic meteor is 4200 kg/m3.
Thus we have:
4
3
π(0.5m)
3
· 4200
kg
m
3
= 2, 200kg
We have 128 grams is 0.128kg. If we want to temper the meteorite with the meteor by using
the geometric mean we have:
p
2, 200 · 0.128 ≈ 18kg
Is our
M
m
p
= 18kg
If we multiply both sides of our equation by 2 we have
(2)
4
3
π(0.5m)
3
· 4200
kg
m
3
= (2)2, 200kg
Where Venus is the 2nd planet we have
p
4, 400 · 0.128 ≈ 25kg
18kg
25kg
= 0.72
This is Venus orbit in astronomical units, which is Venus orbit divided by Earth orbit.
Venus is said to be a failed Earth in that she underwent a runaway greenhouse effect. The
chondritic meteoroid is a meteor that came from the asteroid belt. We currently study the
asteroid belt to catalog asteroid orbits to see if any might be on a trajectory to collide with
earth, so we can knock it off such a trajectory and not suffer the fate of the dinosaurs whose
extinction was brought about by such an asteroid landing in the Yucatan.
Author biography
September 11, 2021
Ian Beardsley is a physics undergraduate at The University of Oregon,
he worked in astronomy for four years and his name is on several papers in
The Astrophysical Journal.
September 11, 2021
